NO glossary terms

Browse full definitions for every NO term in the Amicus glossary.

No Contest Plea

/ˌnoʊ kənˈtɛst pliː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A plea by which a defendant neither admits nor disputes a charge, equivalent to a guilty plea for sentencing purposes but without admitting liability in subsequent civil cases.
    The defendant entered a no contest plea to avoid a lengthy trial while accepting the court's punishment.

Forms

  • no contest pleas

Commentary

Use precise local jurisdictional terminology as 'no contest' or 'nolo contendere' pleas may differ in acceptance and effect; it does not admit guilt but allows punishment as if guilty.


No Man's Land

/ˌnoʊ ˈmænz ˈlænd/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Territory not controlled by any recognized sovereign state, often resulting from disputed ownership especially in armed conflict.
    The treaty established a buffer zone designated as no man's land between the two countries.
  2. (n.) Area between opposing military forces where entering is dangerous or prohibited, frequently recognized in international law contexts.
    The soldiers risked crossing the no man's land during the ceasefire.

Forms

  • no man's land

Commentary

No man's land typically arises in disputes over sovereignty or during armed conflicts and is distinguished from recognized territory by the absence of clear legal control; precision in treaty language is crucial to define such zones.


No Overall Control

/noʊ ˈoʊvərˌɔːl kənˈtroʊl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A situation in local government where no single party or group has an overall majority on a council, leading to shared or coalition administration.
    After the election, the council was under no overall control, necessitating negotiations between parties.

Forms

  • no overall control

Commentary

Used primarily in UK local government contexts to describe councils lacking a majority party, implying a need for coalition or minority agreements.


No Trespassing Zone

/ˌnoʊ trɛsˈpæsɪŋ zoʊn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A designated area legally marked to prohibit unauthorized entry, enforceable by law.
    The property was clearly marked as a no trespassing zone to prevent unauthorized access.

Forms

  • no trespassing zone
  • no trespassing zones

Commentary

Signage and clear demarcation are important to establish a legally enforceable no trespassing zone.


No-Action Letter

/ˌnoʊˈækʃən ˈlɛtər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written statement from a regulatory authority indicating that it will not recommend enforcement action against a party for a specific activity based on the facts presented.
    The company requested a no-action letter to confirm compliance with securities regulations before proceeding.

Forms

  • no-action letter
  • no-action letters

Commentary

No-action letters provide regulatory clarity without formal rulemaking and are often used in securities and financial regulation contexts.


No-Confidence Motion

/ˌnoʊ kənˈfɪdəns ˈmoʊʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A parliamentary motion expressing that a legislative body no longer has confidence in a government or official, potentially leading to resignation or dissolution.
    The opposition tabled a no-confidence motion against the prime minister.

Forms

  • no-confidence motion
  • no-confidence motions

Commentary

The term specifically applies in parliamentary systems and is a critical tool for legislative oversight and government accountability.


No-Fault

/ˌnoʊˈfɔlt/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Relating to a legal system or insurance policy that provides compensation without requiring proof of fault or negligence.
    The no-fault insurance system simplifies claims by eliminating the need to prove driver liability.
  2. (n.) A legal principle or law under which a party is compensated for losses without the necessity of proving another party's fault or negligence.
    Under no-fault law, each driver’s insurer pays for their own policyholder’s damages regardless of who caused the accident.

Commentary

No-fault is primarily used in insurance and tort law contexts to indicate compensation systems that do not depend on proving fault, contrasting with traditional fault-based liability systems.


No-Fly List

/ˌnoʊˈflaɪ lɪst/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A government-maintained list of individuals prohibited from boarding commercial aircraft for security reasons.
    The suspect was placed on the no-fly list due to suspected terrorist connections.

Forms

  • no-fly list
  • no-fly lists

Commentary

The term specifically applies to aviation security and is often discussed in contexts of constitutional rights and due process concerning air travel restrictions.


No-Fly Zone

/ˌnoʊˈflaɪ ˌzoʊn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A designated airspace over a specific geographic area where aircraft operations are legally prohibited or restricted by a governing authority, often imposed during armed conflicts to prevent hostile air activity.
    The United Nations established a no-fly zone to protect civilians from aerial attacks.

Forms

  • no-fly zone
  • no-fly zones

Commentary

No-fly zone is typically established by international or national authority and often requires clear legal authorization to be enforceable; precision in defining scope and duration is crucial in drafting relevant directives.


No-Go Zone

/ˌnoʊˈɡoʊ zoʊn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A geographic area designated or recognized as unsafe or unlawful for entry due to legal restrictions, conflict, or law enforcement policies.
    The court recognized the neighborhood as a no-go zone due to ongoing violent crime and police advisories.
  2. (n.) An area where authorities have imposed access prohibitions for legal or security reasons, often during emergencies or military operations.
    The military declared the region a no-go zone until order was restored.

Forms

  • no-go zone
  • no-go zones

Commentary

Usage of "no-go zone" often appears in legal contexts involving public safety, emergency powers, or territorial control; clarity in designation is essential to avoid ambiguity in enforcement or jurisdiction.


Nobility

/ˈnɒbɪlɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The social class consisting of people who hold hereditary titles granted by a monarch, often possessing privileges and political influence.
    The nobility played a crucial role in medieval governance and land ownership.
  2. (n.) The quality or state of being noble in character or rank, including dignity and honor in a legal or social sense.
    His actions demonstrated a rare nobility admired by the court.

Commentary

The term primarily denotes a legally and socially recognized class with hereditary titles; usage in legal texts often relates to rights, privileges, and duties associated with such status.


Noble

/ˈnoʊbəl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person belonging to the aristocracy, especially with hereditary or honorary title, recognized in law.
    The noble held significant privileges under the feudal system.
  2. (adj.) Relating to or characteristic of nobility or aristocracy, often implying elevated social status or dignity.
    The noble lineage granted him special legal rights.

Forms

  • nobles

Commentary

In legal contexts, 'noble' primarily refers to individuals with recognized hereditary titles and related privileges under historic or current laws governing nobility and aristocratic status.


Noble Order

/ˈnəʊbəl ˈɔːrdər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legally or historically recognized organization or society of knights or nobles often established by royal charter, typically with defined privileges, duties, or status.
    The medieval statute granted privileges to members of the noble order.

Forms

  • noble order
  • noble orders

Commentary

The term often appears in historical legal documents and modern legal contexts relating to noble titles and privileges granted by sovereign authority.


Noble Title

/ˈnoʊbəl ˈtaɪtl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A hereditary or honorary title conferred upon individuals, signifying aristocratic rank or social status within a legal jurisdiction.
    He was granted a noble title by the monarch, elevating his standing in society.

Forms

  • noble titles

Commentary

Noble titles may carry legal privileges or social significance depending on jurisdiction; clarity in drafting requires specifying whether a title confers legal status or is purely honorific.


Nobleman

/ˈnoʊ.bl.mən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A man belonging to the hereditary aristocracy, possessing legal privileges or titles under the law of nobility.
    The nobleman exercised his rights to own land and administer justice within his estate.

Forms

  • noblemen

Commentary

In legal contexts, 'nobleman' denotes status recognized by law, often entailing specific privileges or duties tied to hereditary titles.


Noblemen

/ˈnoʊbəlmən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Plural form of nobleman, referring to men holding hereditary titles or ranks within the aristocracy.
    The noblemen gathered at the royal court to discuss the treaty.

Forms

  • nobleman

Commentary

As a plural noun, 'noblemen' is used primarily in historical or aristocratic legal contexts concerning ranks and privileges.


Nobler

/ˈnō-blər/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Having superior moral qualities or showing elevated character, often in the context of legal ethics or discourse.
    The judge was praised for making a nobler decision grounded in justice and fairness.

Commentary

Typically used comparatively; rarely appears with distinct legal meanings but may describe elevated ethical reasoning in legal contexts.


Noblest

/ˈnoʊblɪst/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Having the highest moral qualities or exhibiting the greatest dignity in character, often referenced in legal contexts involving ethical standards or principles.
    The judge was praised for making the noblest decision in the case.

Commentary

Typically used as the superlative of 'noble'; in legal contexts, it often describes the highest ethical standards or exemplary character in judicial or professional conduct.


Nocebo

/ˈnoʊsɪboʊ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An effect whereby a harmful or adverse outcome results from the expectation of such an outcome, often triggered by negative information or anticipation, relevant in medical and psychological legal claims.
    The plaintiff argued that the nocebo effect contributed to the reported side effects following the medication.

Forms

  • nocebo

Commentary

In legal contexts, the nocebo effect is significant when evaluating causation and damages in health-related tort or contract cases, requiring careful consideration of patient expectations and disclosures.


Nocebo Effect

/ˈnoʊsɪboʊ ɪˈfɛkt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A psychological phenomenon where negative expectations cause adverse effects in a patient, impacting medical evidence and liability issues.
    The nocebo effect was considered in the court's assessment of the patient's claim for damages related to medication side effects.

Forms

  • nocebo effect
  • nocebo effects

Commentary

The nocebo effect is relevant in legal contexts involving medical treatment claims, as it complicates causation and damages evaluation due to the interplay of patient expectations and symptom manifestation.


Noise

/ˈnɔɪz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Unwanted or disturbing sound that interferes with the use or enjoyment of property, often addressed in nuisance or environmental law.
    The factory was sued for producing excessive noise that disrupted the neighborhood.
  2. (n.) Irrelevant or extraneous data that interferes with the clarity of information, particularly in evidentiary contexts.
    The court excluded the document because it contained too much noise obscuring relevant facts.

Commentary

In legal drafting, clarify whether 'noise' refers to physical disturbance or informational interference to avoid ambiguity.


Nolle Prosequi

/ˈnɒli prəˈskwiː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal entry made by a prosecutor to voluntarily discontinue criminal prosecution.
    The court accepted the nolle prosequi, terminating the charges against the defendant.

Forms

  • nolle prosequi

Commentary

Nolle prosequi is used exclusively by prosecutors to signal the cessation of prosecution without a conviction, often for reasons of insufficient evidence or public interest.


Nolo Contendere

/ˈnoʊloʊ kənˈtɛndɛri/

Definitions

  1. (phrase) A plea by which a defendant in a criminal prosecution accepts conviction as though a guilty plea had been entered but does not admit guilt and waives the right to contest the charge.
    The defendant entered a nolo contendere plea to avoid a lengthy trial.

Commentary

This plea is often used to avoid civil liability while resolving the criminal case.


Nom De Guerre

/ˌnɒm də ˈɡɜːr/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A pseudonym used by a person, especially a soldier or combatant, to conceal their real identity in military or legal contexts.
    The witness testified under a nom de guerre to protect their safety.

Commentary

Typically used to protect identity in legal testimony or military records; ensure clarification between literary and legal uses.


Nom De Plume

/ˌnɒm də ˈpluːm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A fictitious name used by an author to conceal their identity.
    The author published the controversial book under a nom de plume to avoid personal backlash.

Forms

  • noms de plume

Commentary

In legal contexts, a nom de plume can be relevant to intellectual property and defamation issues, especially when determining the author's identity or liability.


Nomadism

/ˈnɒməˌdɪzəm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The legal and sociological concept of a lifestyle or social structure characterized by regular movement rather than permanent settlement, often relevant in indigenous rights and land use law.
    Nomadism poses unique challenges for establishing land titles under national laws.

Commentary

Nomadism, as a legal concept, is relevant primarily in contexts involving indigenous populations and land tenure, requiring careful consideration of mobility patterns when applying property and human rights law.


Nomenclature

/ˈnoʊmənˌkleɪtʃər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A system or set of terms or principles used to name and classify legal concepts, doctrines, or entities.
    The nomenclature of property law includes terms like 'fee simple' and 'easement.'

Commentary

In legal writing, precise nomenclature ensures clarity by standardizing the terms used across jurisdictions and texts.


Nominal

/ˈnɒmɪnəl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Relating to a name or in name only, especially implying a minimal or token amount.
    The tenant held only nominal rights to the property.
  2. (adj.) In legal and financial contexts, referring to a stated value rather than actual market value.
    The nominee holds nominal shares with no voting rights.

Commentary

In legal drafting, 'nominal' often signals minimal or symbolic status or value, important to distinguish from substantive rights or amounts.


Nominal Damages

/ˈnɒmɪnəl ˈdæmɪdʒɪz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A small sum of money awarded by the court when a legal wrong is proven but no substantial harm resulted.
    The plaintiff was awarded nominal damages despite the absence of actual financial loss.

Forms

  • nominal damage

Commentary

Nominal damages emphasize recognition of a legal right violation without requiring proof of quantifiable loss.


Nominal Office

/ˈnɒmɪnəl ˈɒfɪs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A position or office held in name only, without the usual responsibilities, powers, or duties.
    The founder was given a nominal office to honor his role without granting executive authority.

Commentary

Used to distinguish between formal or symbolic roles and those with actual functional authority; useful in drafting to clarify the nature of a party’s role.


Nominal Value

/ˈnɒmɪnəl ˈvæljuː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The stated or face value of a security or currency as distinct from its market or intrinsic value.
    The nominal value of the bond was $1,000, though it traded at a premium.
  2. (n.) The par value assigned to shares of stock that determines minimum issuance price and shareholder liability.
    The shares were issued with a nominal value of $1 each.

Forms

  • nominal value
  • nominal values

Commentary

Nominal value is often contrasted with market value and intrinsic value; it is a key concept in corporate and financial law for defining share capital and currency denominations.


Nominally

/ˈnɒmɪnəli/

Definitions

  1. (adv.) In name or form only; officially but not in reality or actual fact.
    The company was nominally owned by a different entity, but the original owners controlled all decisions.

Commentary

Often used in legal contexts to distinguish between formal designation and substantive control or reality.


Nominate

/ˈnɒmɪneɪt/

Definitions

  1. (v.) To formally propose or appoint a person to a position or office, especially in a legal or official context.
    The board will nominate a new director at the next meeting.

Forms

  • nominates
  • nominated
  • nominating

Commentary

Used primarily in legal and governmental contexts to describe the official proposal process prior to confirmation or election.


Nomination

/ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The act of formally proposing or appointing a person for a position, office, honor, or award.
    The board approved the nomination of the new director at the meeting.
  2. (n.) The formal process of selecting a candidate for election to a public or private office.
    Her nomination as a candidate for governor was widely publicized.

Forms

  • nominations

Commentary

In legal contexts, nomination often precedes formal appointment or election and may trigger procedural or substantive legal requirements.


Nomination Slate

/ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən sleɪt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A list of candidates proposed by a political party or committee for election to various offices or positions.
    The party released its nomination slate ahead of the upcoming elections.

Forms

  • nomination slate
  • nomination slates

Commentary

In legal contexts, the term often appears in election law and corporate governance when describing candidate groupings put forward for public or shareholder voting.


Nominee

/ˌnɒmɪˈniː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person appointed or nominated to act as a representative, agent, or placeholder, often holding legal title or interest for another.
    The nominee held the property title on behalf of the beneficial owner.
  2. (n.) A person proposed or put forward as a candidate for election or appointment to an office or position.
    The political party announced its nominee for governor.

Commentary

In legal contexts, a nominee may hold title or act in capacity on behalf of another but does not necessarily have beneficial ownership; documentation should clarify the nominee's role and responsibilities.


Nominee Company

/ˌnɒmɪˈniː ˈkʌmpəni/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A company registered to hold assets or shares on behalf of another person, preserving the beneficial owner's anonymity and facilitating administrative convenience.
    The client appointed a nominee company to hold the shares to maintain confidentiality.

Forms

  • nominee company
  • nominee companies

Commentary

Nominee companies are commonly used in jurisdictions to simplify ownership structures; drafters should clarify the distinction between legal and beneficial ownership to avoid ambiguity.


Nominee Director

/ˈnɒmɪni dɪˈrɛktər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A director appointed to a company's board to represent the interests of another party rather than to exercise independent judgment.
    The nominee director acted primarily on instructions from the majority shareholder.

Forms

  • nominee director
  • nominee directors

Commentary

Nominee directors often raise issues regarding conflicts of interest and fiduciary duties, as their role balances representation with statutory responsibilities.


Nominee Shareholder

/ˈnɒmɪni ˈʃɛərˌhoʊldər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An individual or entity registered as the shareholder of record in official documents but holding shares on behalf of the actual owner, who retains beneficial ownership.
    The nominee shareholder appeared on the company register, though the true owner remained undisclosed.

Forms

  • nominee shareholder
  • nominee shareholders

Commentary

Nominee shareholders are often used to maintain confidentiality of the beneficial owner's identity; care should be taken to distinguish legal title from beneficial interest.


Non Sequitur

/ˌnɒn ˈsɛkwɪtər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement, often used to identify fallacious reasoning in legal arguments.
    The lawyer's claim was dismissed as a non sequitur because it lacked a logical connection to the facts of the case.

Forms

  • non sequiturs

Commentary

In legal contexts, identifying a non sequitur can undermine the validity of arguments and is key in motions to exclude irrelevant testimony or evidence.


Non-Alignment

/ˌnɒn-əˈlaɪnmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The state or policy of a sovereign entity maintaining independence from formal alliances, especially in international law and relations.
    The country's non-alignment helped it avoid entanglement in Cold War conflicts.

Commentary

Non-alignment often involves legal considerations of sovereignty and treaty obligations, thus it is important to distinguish it from neutrality and formal alliances in drafting international agreements.


Non-Binding Agreement

/ˌnɑnˈbaɪndɪŋ əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A preliminary contract that expresses the parties' intention but does not create enforceable legal obligations.
    The parties signed a non-binding agreement to proceed with further negotiations.

Forms

  • non-binding agreement
  • non-binding agreements

Commentary

Non-binding agreements are useful for outlining mutual intentions without committing legally, but parties should clarify enforceability explicitly.


Non-Citizen

/ˌnɒnˈsɪtɪzən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person who is not a citizen of a particular country and therefore does not possess the rights and privileges of citizenship under that country's laws.
    The visa application process varies depending on whether the applicant is a non-citizen or a citizen.
  2. (n.) An individual classified under immigration law as lacking citizenship status in the jurisdiction, often subject to specific regulatory requirements.
    Non-citizens may face restrictions on employment eligibility and access to public benefits.

Forms

  • non-citizen
  • non-citizens

Commentary

The term highlights legal distinctions in rights and obligations; use precise jurisdictional context to clarify applicable statutes and regulations.


Non-Combatant

/ˌnɒnˈkɒmbətənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person who is not engaged in fighting during an armed conflict and is protected under international humanitarian law, such as civilians, medical personnel, and chaplains.
    Non-combatants are entitled to protection against direct attacks under the Geneva Conventions.

Forms

  • non-combatants

Commentary

The term 'non-combatant' is technical in armed conflict law and denotes status that affects protection and rights; definitions should emphasize protections under international humanitarian law.


Non-Compete Agreement

/ˌnɑn kəmˈpit əˈgriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contract restricting an individual from engaging in competing activities or employment within a specified geographic area and time after leaving an employer.
    The employee signed a non-compete agreement preventing her from working for rival firms for two years.

Forms

  • non-compete agreement
  • non-compete agreements

Commentary

Non-compete agreements must be reasonable in scope, geography, and duration to be enforceable; overly broad restrictions risk invalidation.


Non-Compete Clause

/ˌnɒn kəmˈpiːt klɔːz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contractual provision restricting a party from engaging in a business competitive with another party, typically after termination of a contract or employment.
    The employee signed a non-compete clause prohibiting work for competitors for two years after leaving the company.

Forms

  • non-compete clauses

Commentary

Non-compete clauses must be reasonable in scope, duration, and geography to be enforceable; overly broad restrictions may be struck down by courts.


Non-Competition Agreement

/ˌnɒn-kəmˌpɛtɪˈʃən əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contract whereby one party agrees not to engage in a business or profession that competes with another party, usually for a specified time and geographic area.
    The employee signed a non-competition agreement to prevent working for rival firms for two years after leaving the company.

Forms

  • non-competition agreement
  • non-competition agreements

Commentary

Non-competition agreements must be reasonable in scope, duration, and geography to be enforceable and are often scrutinized under state law for undue restraint of trade.


Non-Compliance

/ˌnɒn kəmˈplaɪəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure or refusal to act in accordance with a law, regulation, contract, or official directive.
    The company's non-compliance with environmental regulations resulted in heavy fines.

Forms

  • non-compliance

Commentary

Non-compliance typically implies a negative legal consequence and is often contrasted with compliance in regulatory and contractual contexts.


Non-Controlling Interest

/ˌnɒn kənˈtroʊlɪŋ ˈɪntrɪst/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A minority equity stake in a subsidiary company not sufficient to control management or operations.
    The non-controlling interest held by outside investors must be reported separately in consolidated financial statements.

Forms

  • non-controlling interest
  • non-controlling interests

Commentary

Non-controlling interest highlights the separation of ownership rights from control, an important distinction in consolidation and financial reporting under accounting standards.


Non-Custodial Parent

/ˌnɒnˈkʌstədiəl ˈpɛərənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A parent who does not have primary physical custody of a child but may have visitation rights and parental responsibilities.
    The non-custodial parent is required to pay child support according to the court order.

Forms

  • non-custodial parent
  • non-custodial parents

Commentary

The term specifically distinguishes the parent without primary physical custody, emphasizing their legal responsibilities and rights despite less direct care.


Non-Deductible Expense

/ˌnɑn-dɪˈdʌktəbl ɪkˈspɛns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An expense that cannot be subtracted from gross income when calculating taxable income under tax law.
    The fine paid for legal violations is considered a non-deductible expense for tax purposes.

Forms

  • non-deductible expense
  • non-deductible expenses

Commentary

Non-deductible expenses often include fines, penalties, and certain types of personal expenses; careful classification is important for accurate tax compliance.


Non-Disclosure

/ˌnɒn.dɪsˈkloʊʒər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An agreement or clause restricting parties from disclosing certain confidential information.
    The parties signed a non-disclosure to protect trade secrets.
  2. (n.) The act or practice of withholding or not revealing information, especially in legal or contractual contexts.
    The non-disclosure of material facts can lead to contract invalidation.

Commentary

Often used interchangeably with NDA, but non-disclosure can refer both to agreements and to the act itself; clarity in drafting is critical to determine scope and duration.


Non-Disclosure Agreement

/ˌnɒn dɪsˈkloʊʒər əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legally binding contract whereby one party agrees to keep certain information confidential and not disclose it to unauthorized parties.
    The employee signed a non-disclosure agreement before accessing the company's trade secrets.

Forms

  • non-disclosure agreements

Commentary

NDAs should clearly define the scope, duration, and exceptions to confidentiality to ensure enforceability.


Non-Discrimination

/ˌnɒn dɪsˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The principle or practice of not discriminating against individuals or groups based on protected characteristics such as race, gender, age, or religion.
    The law enforces non-discrimination in employment to promote equal opportunity for all candidates.

Commentary

Non-discrimination clauses often appear in treaties, statutes, and contracts to ensure fairness and prevent bias; precise specification of protected categories is essential for effective enforcement.


Non-Discrimination Principle

/ˌnɒnˌdɪsˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən ˈprɪnsɪpl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal doctrine prohibiting unjust or unfair treatment of individuals or groups based on specified characteristics such as race, gender, nationality, or religion.
    The non-discrimination principle is fundamental in employment law to ensure equal opportunities for all candidates.
  2. (n.) A rule in international trade law that mandates equal treatment of trading partners to avoid unfair discrimination.
    Under the WTO framework, the non-discrimination principle requires member states to apply the same tariffs to all trading partners.

Forms

  • non-discrimination principle
  • non-discrimination principles

Commentary

The term spans multiple legal contexts, notably anti-discrimination law and international trade; clarity on context is important when drafting or interpreting this principle.


Non-Economic Damages

/ˌnɒn ɪˈkɑːnəmɪk ˈdæmɪdʒɪz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Monetary compensation awarded for intangible harms such as pain, suffering, emotional distress, and loss of enjoyment of life, rather than for financial losses.
    The jury awarded non-economic damages to compensate the plaintiff's emotional suffering after the accident.

Forms

  • non-economic damage

Commentary

Non-economic damages are inherently subjective and often require careful jury instructions to ensure appropriate valuation.


Non-Emergency Medical Transport

/ˌnɑn.ɪˈmɜr.dʒən.si ˈmɛdɪkəl ˈtrænspɔrt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Transportation services for patients requiring medical care that is scheduled and not urgent or emergency-related.
    The hospital contracted a non-emergency medical transport service to take patients to routine appointments.

Forms

  • non-emergency medical transport
  • non-emergency medical transports

Commentary

Typically regulated differently from emergency medical transport, non-emergency transport services require compliance with healthcare and transportation regulations but generally do not involve immediate life-saving interventions.


Non-Executive Director

/ˌnɒn ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv dɪˈrɛktər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A member of a company's board of directors who does not engage in the day-to-day management of the company but provides independent oversight and strategic guidance.
    The non-executive director challenged the CEO's proposal to ensure it aligned with shareholder interests.

Forms

  • non-executive director
  • non-executive directors

Commentary

Non-executive directors play a critical role in corporate governance by providing independent judgment and oversight, enhancing accountability and reducing conflicts of interest within the board.


Non-Financial Reporting

/ˌnɒnˈfaɪnænʃəl rɪˈpɔːrtɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The practice of disclosing information about a company’s environmental, social, governance, and ethical performance beyond traditional financial reports.
    The company enhanced transparency through detailed non-financial reporting on its sustainability initiatives.

Forms

  • non-financial reporting

Commentary

Non-financial reporting typically focuses on qualitative and quantitative data related to CSR and ESG factors, and legal requirements for such reporting are increasingly codified in directives and regulations.


Non-Governmental Organization

/ˌnɒnˌɡʌvərnˈmɛntl ˌɔːrɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An independent organization, usually nonprofit, that operates outside of government control and is involved in social, humanitarian, or advocacy activities.
    The non-governmental organization provided disaster relief in the affected regions.

Forms

  • non-governmental organizations

Commentary

Often abbreviated as NGO, the term emphasizes independence from government influence, crucial for maintaining neutrality and legitimacy in advocacy and aid activities.


Non-Immigrant Visa

/ˌnɒnˈɪmɪɡrənt ˈviːzə/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A temporary visa permitting an individual to enter a country for a specified purpose without intent to establish permanent residence.
    She applied for a non-immigrant visa to attend a conference in the United States.

Forms

  • non-immigrant visa
  • non-immigrant visas

Commentary

Non-immigrant visas are strictly limited by duration and purpose, requiring clear documentation of intent to depart after the authorized stay.


Non-International Armed Conflict

/ˌnɒn-ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl ˈɑːrmd ˈkɒnflɪkt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An armed conflict occurring within the territory of a single State involving government forces and non-state armed groups, or between such groups, without international recognition as a war between states.
    The conflict between the government and insurgents was classified as a non-international armed conflict under international humanitarian law.

Forms

  • non-international armed conflict

Commentary

The term is used to distinguish internal conflicts subject to Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions from international armed conflicts governed by broader rules.


Non-Intervention

/ˌnɒn.ɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A principle in international law whereby a state refrains from interfering in the internal affairs or conflicts of another state.
    The doctrine of non-intervention prohibits states from meddling in the domestic disputes of others.
  2. (n.) A policy stance of avoiding involvement, especially military or political, in external conflicts or disputes.
    The government's policy of non-intervention kept it out of the civil war.

Commentary

Non-intervention is often invoked to respect sovereignty but must be balanced against humanitarian or security concerns.


Non-Moving Violation

/ˌnɒnˈmuːvɪŋ ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A traffic infraction that does not involve the operation or movement of a vehicle, such as a parking violation or expired registration.
    He received a non-moving violation for parking in a no-parking zone.

Forms

  • non-moving violation
  • non-moving violations

Commentary

Non-moving violations typically do not add points to a driver's license but may still incur fines or penalties; clarity in defining specific infractions is important in traffic law.


Non-Obviousness

/ˌnɑn əbˈviəsnəs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A patentability criterion requiring that an invention not be obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention.
    The patent application was rejected due to a lack of non-obviousness.

Commentary

Non-obviousness is often evaluated through a legal test comparing the invention against prior art; careful claim drafting can emphasize technical distinctions to satisfy this criterion.


Non-Performance

/ˌnɒn pərˈfɔːrməns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure to perform a legal duty or obligation as required by a contract or law.
    The plaintiff claimed damages due to the defendant's non-performance of the contract.

Forms

  • non-performance

Commentary

Non-performance generally refers to any failure to fulfill a contractual duty, whether willful or inadvertent, and is a foundational concept in contract law for establishing breach.


Non-Practicing Entity

/ˌnɑnˈpræktɪsɪŋ ˈɛntɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An organization or individual that holds patents but does not manufacture products or supply services based on those patents, often enforcing patent rights through litigation or licensing.
    The non-practicing entity filed numerous lawsuits against alleged patent infringers.

Forms

  • non-practicing entities

Commentary

Often pejoratively referred to as "patent trolls," non-practicing entities focus on monetizing patents rather than practicing the patents; precise drafting is key to distinguish legitimate enforcement from abusive litigation.


Non-Probability Sampling

/ˌnɒn prɒbəˈbɪləti ˈsæmplɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A sampling technique where units are selected based on non-random criteria, often used when random sampling is impractical.
    The study employed non-probability sampling to collect data from a targeted legal expert group.

Forms

  • non-probability sampling

Commentary

Non-probability sampling can introduce bias, so its use in legal research requires caution when generalizing findings.


Non-Probate Transfer

/ˌnɒnˈproʊbeɪt ˈtrænsfɜːr/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A transfer of property or assets that occurs outside the probate process, typically passing directly to a beneficiary by operation of law or contract.
    The house was passed to the heirs through a non-probate transfer, avoiding lengthy court procedures.

Forms

  • non-probate transfer
  • non-probate transfers

Commentary

Non-probate transfers bypass court supervision, facilitating faster asset distribution but may have different legal implications compared to probate transfers.


Non-Proliferation

/ˌnɒn-prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The act or policy of preventing the spread of weapons, especially nuclear weapons, to maintain international security.
    The treaty focuses on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons among member states.

Forms

  • non-proliferation

Commentary

Commonly used in international law and relations, especially in treaties regulating the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons.


Non-Proliferation Agreement

/ˌnɒn-prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A treaty or accord aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction among states.
    The Non-Proliferation Agreement seeks to limit the acquisition of nuclear weapons by non-nuclear states.

Forms

  • non-proliferation agreement
  • non-proliferation agreements

Commentary

Often specific to nuclear arms control, these agreements require precise definitions and verification mechanisms to ensure compliance.


Non-Proliferation Law

/ˌnɒn.prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən lɔː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A body of international or domestic laws aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, materials, and technology.
    The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons forms the cornerstone of non-proliferation law.
  2. (n.) Regulations and treaties designed to restrict the dissemination of weapons of mass destruction and related technology.
    Non-proliferation law governs the control of export licenses for dual-use technologies.

Forms

  • non-proliferation law
  • non-proliferation laws

Commentary

Non-proliferation law often involves overlapping international treaties and domestic regulations, requiring precise drafting to balance security concerns with technological development.


Non-Proliferation Treaty

/ˌnɑn prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən ˈtriːti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting nuclear disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy.
    The Non-Proliferation Treaty is a cornerstone in global efforts to curb nuclear armament.

Forms

  • non-proliferation treaty
  • non-proliferation treaties

Commentary

Commonly abbreviated as NPT; crucial to distinguish it from other arms control treaties by its focus on nuclear weapons proliferation.


Non-Prosecution Agreement

/ˌnɒnˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃən əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal agreement in which a prosecutor agrees not to pursue criminal charges against an individual or entity, often in exchange for cooperation or compliance with specific terms.
    The defendant entered into a non-prosecution agreement to avoid indictment by cooperating with the investigation.

Forms

  • non-prosecution agreement
  • non-prosecution agreements

Commentary

A non-prosecution agreement differs from a deferred prosecution agreement in that charges are not filed at all, rather than being filed and later dismissed upon compliance.


Non-Qualified Stock Option

/ˌnɑnˈkwɑləˌfaɪd stɒk ˈɒpʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A type of stock option granted to employees or others without meeting the criteria for incentive stock options, subject to ordinary income tax upon exercise.
    The employee exercised the non-qualified stock option and paid income tax on the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value.

Forms

  • non-qualified stock option
  • non-qualified stock options

Commentary

Non-qualified stock options do not receive special tax treatment like incentive stock options, making their tax consequences a critical consideration in drafting and employee compensation planning.


Non-Recourse Financing

/ˌnɑn rɪˈkɔrs faɪˈnænsɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A type of loan arrangement where the lender's recovery is limited solely to the collateral specified in the loan agreement, and the borrower is not personally liable for any debt beyond the collateral's value.
    The developer secured non-recourse financing for the construction project, protecting personal assets from lender claims.

Forms

  • non-recourse financing
  • non-recourse financings

Commentary

Non-recourse financing is commonly used in project finance and real estate transactions to limit borrower liability; drafters should clearly specify the collateral and liability limits to avoid unintended personal guarantees.


Non-Recourse Loan

/ˌnɒn rɪˈkɔːrs loʊn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A loan secured by collateral where the borrower is not personally liable beyond the collateral's value.
    In a non-recourse loan, if the borrower defaults, the lender can seize the collateral but not pursue the borrower's other assets.

Forms

  • non-recourse loan
  • non-recourse loans

Commentary

Non-recourse loans limit lender recovery to specific collateral, making them important in risk allocation. Drafting should clearly specify collateral and liability limits.


Non-Refoulement

/ˌnɒn-ˌruː-fləˈmɑːn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A principle of international law forbidding the expulsion or return of a refugee or asylum seeker to a territory where they face threats to life or freedom.
    The principle of non-refoulement is central to protecting refugees from being returned to danger.

Forms

  • non-refoulement

Commentary

Non-refoulement is often considered a jus cogens norm, meaning it is a peremptory principle of international law from which no derogation is permitted.


Non-Repudiation

/ˌnɒnˌrɛpjuːdɪˈeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A principle in law and information security ensuring a party cannot deny the authenticity of their signature or the sending of a message.
    Digital signatures provide non-repudiation by linking the signer to the document.

Forms

  • non-repudiation

Commentary

Often used in contracting and digital law contexts, non-repudiation protects actions and communications from subsequent denial, critical for enforcing agreements and validating transactions.


Non-Retroactivity

/ˌnɒnˌrɛtrəʊˈæktɪvɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Principle that laws or legal rules do not apply to events that occurred before the law was enacted.
    The court ruled in favor of non-retroactivity, ensuring the new tax law would not apply to past transactions.

Forms

  • non-retroactivity

Commentary

Non-retroactivity is crucial to uphold legal certainty and fairness, preventing laws from altering the legal consequences of actions completed before the laws were passed.


Non-Self-Governing Territory

/ˌnɒn sɛlf ˈɡʌvərnɪŋ ˈtɛrɪtəri/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A territory that has not attained full political independence or sovereignty as recognized by the United Nations and is subject to administrative control by a state.
    The United Nations annually reviews the status of each non-self-governing territory to monitor progress toward self-determination.

Forms

  • non-self-governing territory
  • non-self-governing territories

Commentary

The term is primarily used in international law and UN contexts to identify territories awaiting self-governance or independence.


Non-Solicitation Agreement

/ˌnɒnˌsɒlɪˈsɪteɪʃən əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contract in which one party agrees not to solicit clients, customers, or employees of another party for a specified time period and geographic area.
    The employee signed a non-solicitation agreement to prevent contacting the company's clients after resignation.

Forms

  • non-solicitation agreement
  • non-solicitation agreements

Commentary

Non-solicitation agreements are often used alongside non-compete clauses and should be narrowly drafted to ensure enforceability and avoid undue restraint on trade.


Non-Solicitation Clause

/ˌnɒn-səˌlɪsɪˈteɪʃən klɔːz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contractual provision restricting a party from soliciting employees, customers, or clients of another party for a defined period.
    The non-solicitation clause prevented the employee from recruiting her former colleagues for a year after resignation.

Forms

  • non-solicitation clause
  • non-solicitation clauses

Commentary

Often included in employment and business sale contracts, non-solicitation clauses protect business relationships without imposing a full non-compete restriction.


Non-State Actor

/ˌnɒnˈsteɪt ˈæktər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An individual or organization that participates in international relations but is not affiliated with any state government.
    Non-state actors like multinational corporations can influence international law.
  2. (n.) Entities such as insurgent groups, terrorist organizations, or NGOs that affect or challenge state sovereignty or law.
    Non-state actors have complicated the enforcement of international humanitarian law.

Forms

  • non-state actor
  • non-state actors

Commentary

The term is broadly used in international and constitutional law to distinguish from official state entities; context often defines the scope and impact of such actors.


Non-State Armed Actor

/ˌnɒn-steɪt ˈɑːrmd ˈæk.tər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An organized group that possesses and uses arms independently of a sovereign state, typically involved in armed conflict without formal recognition as a state military.
    The non-state armed actor launched attacks on government forces in the region.

Forms

  • non-state armed actor
  • non-state armed actors

Commentary

In legal contexts, defining a non-state armed actor is crucial for applying international humanitarian law and attributing responsibility during conflicts.


Non-Trading Company

/ˌnɒnˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈkʌmpəni/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A company incorporated with no business operations or commercial trading activities, often maintained for holding assets or other non-commercial purposes.
    The non-trading company held several investment properties but engaged in no active trade.

Forms

  • non-trading company
  • non-trading companies

Commentary

Typically, non-trading companies are subject to specific regulatory and tax considerations; clarity in drafting should distinguish them from dormant companies which are not carrying out significant accounting transactions.


Non-Vested Benefit

/ˈnɒn-ˈvɛstɪd ˈbɛnɪfɪt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A benefit entitlement that has not yet become legally secured or guaranteed to a participant, often contingent on future conditions such as continued employment or vesting schedules.
    The employee forfeited the non-vested benefit when leaving the company before the vesting period ended.

Forms

  • non-vested benefit
  • non-vested benefits

Commentary

Non-vested benefits are crucial in employment law to delineate which benefits an employee has a secured right to and which remain conditional, helping employers manage entitlements and avoid premature liabilities.


Non-Voluntary Euthanasia

/ˌnɒnˈvɒlənˌtɛri ˌjuːθəˈneɪzɪə/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The practice of ending a person's life without their explicit consent, typically because they are unable to provide consent due to incapacity or unconsciousness.
    The debate over non-voluntary euthanasia centers on its ethical and legal permissibility when the patient cannot express their wishes.

Forms

  • non-voluntary euthanasia

Commentary

Non-voluntary euthanasia differs legally and ethically from voluntary euthanasia by the lack of patient consent, often implicating surrogate decision-making or best interest standards.


Non-Wage Compensation

/ˌnɑn-weɪdʒ ˌkɒmpənˈseɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Benefits and forms of remuneration provided to an employee in addition to regular wages or salary, such as health insurance, retirement plans, bonuses, and stock options.
    The employment contract included non-wage compensation like health benefits and a retirement plan.

Forms

  • non-wage compensation

Commentary

Non-wage compensation is frequently included in total remuneration discussions and should be clearly distinguished from direct cash wages for clarity in contracts and labor law analysis.


Nonappearance

/ˌnɒnəˈpɪərəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The failure of a party or witness to appear at a specified legal proceeding.
    The court issued a warrant following the defendant's nonappearance at the hearing.

Commentary

Nonappearance specifically denotes a physical failure to attend, which may result in legal sanctions distinct from other defaults.


Nonassignable

/ˌnɒnəˈsaɪnəbəl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Not capable of being legally assigned or transferred to another party.
    The rights under this agreement are nonassignable without prior consent.

Commentary

Often used in contracts to restrict transfer of rights or obligations; drafting clarity is key to avoid ambiguity about which rights are nonassignable.


Nonattendance

/ˌnɒn.əˈtɛn.dəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The failure or refusal to attend a required legal proceeding, such as a court hearing or deposition.
    The judge noted the defendant's nonattendance at the scheduled hearing and issued a warrant.

Commentary

Nonattendance often triggers procedural consequences; clear notice requirements should be emphasized in drafting legal notices to avoid disputes.


Noncitizen

/ˌnɒnˈsɪtɪzən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person who is not a citizen of the country in which they are present, often subject to distinct immigration and legal statuses.
    Noncitizens may require specific visas to lawfully reside in the country.

Forms

  • noncitizens

Commentary

The term 'noncitizen' broadly encompasses all individuals lacking citizenship status in a jurisdiction, including lawful residents, undocumented persons, and temporary visitors, highlighting its importance in immigration and nationality law contexts.


Noncompliance

/ˌnɒnkəmˈplaɪəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure or refusal to act in accordance with a law, regulation, or agreement.
    The company faced penalties due to noncompliance with environmental laws.

Forms

  • noncompliances

Commentary

Often used in regulatory and contractual contexts to denote a failure to meet mandatory requirements.


Nonconforming Use

/ˌnɒnkənˈfɔːrmɪŋ ˈjuːs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A land use that legally existed prior to the enactment of current zoning regulations but does not conform to them.
    The isolated warehouse is a nonconforming use under the new zoning ordinance.
  2. (n.) A property use that is permitted to continue despite new zoning laws that would otherwise prohibit it due to being established before those laws.
    Owners of nonconforming uses are typically allowed to maintain operations, though expansion may be restricted.

Forms

  • nonconforming use

Commentary

Nonconforming use usually entails legal protections allowing existing uses to persist despite regulatory changes, but these protections vary by jurisdiction and may limit expansion or rebuilding.


Nonconformity

/ˌnɒnkənˈfɔːrmɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure or refusal to comply with a specified legal requirement, standard, or contractual term.
    The contractor was cited for nonconformity with building codes.
  2. (n.) A divergence from established religious practices recognized by law, especially in historical constitutional contexts.
    The law protected nonconformity from mandatory state church attendance.

Forms

  • nonconformity

Commentary

Nonconformity often appears in contract and regulatory contexts; drafters should clarify standards and consequences precisely to avoid ambiguity.


Noncustodial Parent

/ˌnɒnkʌˈstoʊdiəl ˈpɛərənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A parent who does not have primary physical custody of a child but typically retains legal rights and responsibilities, including visitation and child support obligations.
    The noncustodial parent is required to pay child support according to the court order.

Forms

  • noncustodial parent
  • noncustodial parents

Commentary

The term distinguishes a parent’s role in custody arrangements, relevant in family law to allocate rights, duties, and visitation.


Nondelegable Duty

/ˌnɑnˈdɛlɪɡəbəl ˈdjuːti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal obligation that cannot be transferred to another party and must be performed by the obligated party itself.
    Employers have a nondelegable duty to maintain safe working conditions for their employees.
  2. (n.) A duty imposed by law on a party which remains personally liable regardless of delegation attempts.
    The property owner has a nondelegable duty to ensure the premises are free from hazardous conditions.

Forms

  • nondelegable duty
  • nondelegable duties

Commentary

Nondelegable duties emphasize responsibility that legal policy mandates remain with a particular party, often to protect third parties, despite any contractual delegation.


Nondelegation

/ˌnɒn.dɪˌlɛɡˈeɪ.ʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The principle that legislative bodies cannot delegate their lawmaking powers to other entities without clear authorization.
    The doctrine of nondelegation prevents Congress from transferring its legislative authority to administrative agencies without explicit limits.

Forms

  • nondelegation

Commentary

Nondelegation emphasizes the constitutional balance by restricting improper delegation of legislative power; drafters often specify clear standards to withstand nondelegation challenges.


Nondelegation Doctrine

/ˌnɒnˌdɛlɪˈɡeɪʃən ˈdɒktrɪn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A constitutional principle restricting the delegation of legislative powers by Congress to executive agencies or officials.
    The Supreme Court invoked the nondelegation doctrine to limit Congress's authority to transfer legislative power.

Forms

  • nondelegation doctrine

Commentary

The doctrine serves as a check on legislative overreach but is rarely invoked successfully; clarity in statutory delegation helps avoid nondelegation challenges.


Nondisclosure

/ˌnɑːndɪsˈkloʊʒər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal obligation or agreement restricting the disclosure of certain information to unauthorized parties.
    The parties signed a nondisclosure agreement to protect confidential business information.

Forms

  • nondisclosures

Commentary

Nondisclosure is often used in contract law to protect sensitive information; precise scope and duration should be clearly defined in agreements.


Nondisclosure Agreement

/ˌnɑːndɪsˈkloʊʒər əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legally binding contract wherein parties agree to keep specified information confidential and not disclose it to unauthorized third parties.
    The employees signed a nondisclosure agreement to protect the company's trade secrets.

Forms

  • nondisclosure agreements

Commentary

Nondisclosure agreements are often used in employment, business negotiations, and intellectual property contexts to safeguard sensitive information.


Nonexempt Employee

/ˌnɑnɪɡˈzɛmpt ˌɛmˈplɔɪi/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An employee classified under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) who is entitled to minimum wage and overtime pay protections.
    The nonexempt employee received overtime pay for hours worked beyond 40 in a week.

Forms

  • nonexempt employee
  • nonexempt employees

Commentary

Classification as nonexempt determines eligibility for overtime pay; accuracy in classification is critical to compliance with labor laws.


Nonfeasance

/ˌnɒnfiˈæsns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure to act when there is a legal duty to do so, resulting in harm or damage.
    The company's nonfeasance in maintaining safe equipment led to the accident.

Commentary

Nonfeasance specifically refers to an inaction despite a duty, as opposed to misfeasance or malfeasance which involve wrongful acts.


Nonimmigrant

/ˌnɑːnˈɪmɪɡrənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person authorized to enter and stay in the United States temporarily for a specific purpose without obtaining permanent resident status.
    The nonimmigrant visa holder entered the U.S. for a six-month work assignment.

Forms

  • nonimmigrant
  • nonimmigrants

Commentary

Use precise language to distinguish nonimmigrants from immigrants when drafting visa or immigration-related legal documents.


Nonimmigrant Status

/ˌnɑːnɪˈmɪɡrənt ˈsteɪtəs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The legal classification granted to a foreign national admitted to the United States temporarily for a specific purpose and duration, without intent to immigrate.
    She was admitted under nonimmigrant status as a student visa holder.

Forms

  • nonimmigrant status

Commentary

Nonimmigrant status indicates temporary permission to reside in a country and is distinct from immigrant status, which implies intent to reside permanently; careful drafting distinguishes these terms to avoid legal ambiguity.


Nonimmigrant Visa

/ˌnɑnˈɪmɪɡrənt ˈvɪzə/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A visa issued to foreign nationals permitting temporary entry into a country for a specific purpose other than permanent immigration, such as tourism, business, study, or temporary work.
    She applied for a nonimmigrant visa to attend a conference in the United States.

Forms

  • nonimmigrant visa
  • nonimmigrant visas

Commentary

Nonimmigrant visas often require proof of intent to return to the home country, distinguishing them from immigrant visas.


Noninterference

/ˌnɒnˌɪn.təˈfɪər.əns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The principle or policy of refraining from interference in the affairs, decisions, or governance of another state or entity.
    The doctrine of noninterference is fundamental in international law to respect sovereign equality.
  2. (n.) A regulatory or contractual clause prohibiting intervention or meddling in certain activities or processes.
    The contract contains a noninterference clause to prevent disputes among the partners.

Commentary

Noninterference is often distinguished from 'nonintervention'; precise drafting is essential to clarify scope in treaties and contracts.


Nonintervention

/ˌnɒnˌɪntərˈvɛnʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A principle in international law and relations whereby a state refrains from interfering in the internal affairs of another sovereign state.
    The country adopted a policy of nonintervention to avoid escalating the conflict.
  2. (n.) The deliberate avoidance by a government or authority of intervention in disputes, conflicts, or political processes within another state or entity.
    Nonintervention is often debated in the context of humanitarian crises.

Commentary

Nonintervention is a foundational concept in international law, emphasizing respect for sovereignty; its application requires careful balancing against humanitarian or security concerns.


Nonjusticiability

/ˌnɒnˌdʒʌstɪsɪˈæbɪlɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The quality or state of a legal issue or controversy being inappropriate for court adjudication due to lack of judicially manageable standards or other doctrines.
    The court dismissed the case based on the nonjusticiability of the political question presented.

Forms

  • nonjusticiability

Commentary

Nonjusticiability signals that a court deems a matter unsuitable for resolution, often invoking prudential or constitutional doctrines to limit judicial intervention.


Nonmoral

/ˌnɒnˈmɒrəl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Not related to or concerned with issues of morality or ethical judgments, especially in a legal context.
    The court classified the dispute as nonmoral, focusing solely on contractual obligations rather than ethical considerations.

Commentary

The term 'nonmoral' in legal contexts highlights distinctions between legal rules and moral principles, aiding clarity in legal analysis.


Nonparticipation

/ˌnɒnˌpɑːtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The act or state of not voluntarily taking part in a legal proceeding, agreement, or activity.
    The defendant's nonparticipation in the arbitration delayed the resolution of the dispute.

Commentary

Nonparticipation often affects procedural rights and can be strategic; legal documents should clarify consequences of such non-involvement.


Nonparty

/ˈnɒnˌpɑːrti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person or entity not directly involved as a party in a legal proceeding but who may be affected by or have interest in the outcome.
    The court excluded evidence submitted by a nonparty to the case.

Forms

  • nonparties

Commentary

Term is used to distinguish individuals or entities outside the formal parties to a litigation; important for issues of evidence, subpoenas, and jurisdiction.


Nonpayment

/ˌnɒnˈpeɪmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Failure to pay a sum of money owed under a contract or legal obligation.
    The landlord initiated eviction proceedings due to the tenant's nonpayment of rent.

Commentary

Nonpayment often triggers specific legal remedies such as damages or termination; clarity in specifying amounts and deadlines helps prevent disputes.


Nonpayment of Rent

/ˌnɒnˈpeɪmənt əv ˈrɛnt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The failure to pay rent due under a lease or rental agreement, often constituting a breach of contract and grounds for eviction or legal action by the landlord.
    The tenant's nonpayment of rent for three months led to the initiation of eviction proceedings.

Commentary

Typically triggers remedies including eviction or damages; clarity in lease agreements about payment terms can prevent disputes.


Nonpoint Source

/ˈnɑːnpɔɪnt ˈsɔːrs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A diffuse source of pollution that does not originate from a single, identifiable source but rather from multiple runoff points, commonly regulated under environmental law.
    Regulations require states to control pollutants originating from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff.

Forms

  • nonpoint source
  • nonpoint sources

Commentary

In legal drafting, nonpoint source pollution is distinguished from point source pollution because it is harder to regulate due to the diffuse nature of its origins.


Nonprofit

/ˌnɑːnˈprɒfɪt/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Relating to organizations that operate for charitable, educational, or social purposes without distributing profits to owners or shareholders.
    The nonprofit organization focuses on providing legal aid to underserved communities.
  2. (n.) An organization that uses its surplus revenues to further its goals rather than distributing them as profit or dividends.
    The nonprofit registered with the IRS to receive tax-exempt status.

Forms

  • nonprofits

Commentary

In legal contexts, 'nonprofit' commonly describes entities qualifying for tax-exempt status under specific regulations; precise classification affects compliance and benefits.


Nonprofit Corporation

/ˌnɑnˈprɑfɪt ˌkɔrpəˈreɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A corporation organized for purposes other than generating profit, typically for charitable, educational, religious, or social goals and exempt from certain taxes.
    The nonprofit corporation focused on providing educational resources to underprivileged children.

Forms

  • nonprofit corporation
  • nonprofit corporations

Commentary

Nonprofit corporations differ from for-profit entities by their purpose and tax status; ensure clarity on tax exemption criteria when drafting related documents.


Nonprofit Funding

/ˌnɑnˈprɑfɪt ˈfʌndɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Monetary resources provided to nonprofit organizations to support their mission-driven activities.
    The nonprofit funding received enabled the charity to expand its educational programs.
  2. (n.) Legal and financial mechanisms by which nonprofits secure revenues, including grants, donations, and government subsidies.
    Understanding the legal requirements for nonprofit funding helps organizations maintain compliance with tax laws.

Forms

  • nonprofit funding

Commentary

Nonprofit funding involves diverse sources and legal considerations, including restrictions on use and tax implications; clear documentation is essential to ensure compliance.


Nonprofit Governance

/ˌnɑnˈprɑfɪt ˈɡʌvərnəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a nonprofit organization is directed and controlled.
    Effective nonprofit governance ensures that the organization adheres to its mission and complies with legal regulations.
  2. (n.) The framework through which nonprofit boards of directors oversee organizational performance, accountability, and ethical standards.
    Strong nonprofit governance helps prevent fraud and mismanagement within charities.

Forms

  • nonprofit governance

Commentary

Nonprofit governance is distinct from corporate governance mainly due to the mission-driven nature of nonprofits and their regulatory environment; drafters should address both compliance and mission alignment.


Nonprofit Law

/ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt lɔː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The body of law governing organizations that operate for public or charitable purposes without profit distribution to members or directors.
    Nonprofit law requires organizations to follow specific rules to maintain tax-exempt status.
  2. (n.) Regulations and legal principles pertaining to the formation, governance, and dissolution of nonprofit entities.
    Understanding nonprofit law is essential for drafting bylaws for charitable trusts.

Forms

  • nonprofit law

Commentary

Nonprofit law encompasses various statutory and regulatory areas including tax exemption, governance, and fiduciary duties; precision in defining organizational purpose is essential.


Nonprofit Law Practice

/ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt lɔː ˈpræk.tɪs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The specialized area of legal practice focusing on laws governing nonprofit organizations, including their formation, compliance, tax status, governance, and charitable activities.
    She sought expert advice in nonprofit law practice to establish her charity legally.

Forms

  • nonprofit law practice

Commentary

Nonprofit law practice requires knowledge of both corporate law and tax regulations specific to nonprofits; practitioners often advise on regulatory compliance and organizational structure.


Nonprofit Lawyer

/ˌnɑnˈprɑfɪt ˈlɔjər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An attorney specializing in legal issues affecting nonprofit organizations, including formation, governance, tax exemptions, and compliance.
    The nonprofit lawyer advised the charity on maintaining its tax-exempt status.

Forms

  • nonprofit lawyer
  • nonprofit lawyers

Commentary

Focuses on the intersection of nonprofit law and organizational compliance; clarity in client scope is crucial.


Nonprofit Media

/ˌnɑnˈprɑfɪt ˈmiːdiə/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Media organizations operated for purposes other than generating profit, often focusing on public interest, education, or advocacy.
    Nonprofit media outlets rely on donations and grants to fund their journalism.
  2. (n.) A category of media entities exempt from ordinary taxation due to their nonprofit status under law.
    Nonprofit media must comply with specific tax-exemption regulations to maintain their status.

Forms

  • nonprofit media

Commentary

Legal definitions emphasize the tax-exempt status and public interest role of nonprofit media, which affects regulatory and fundraising considerations.


Nonprofit Organization

/ˌnɑnˈprɒfɪt ˌɔːrɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An organization established for purposes other than generating profit, often exempt from certain taxes and dedicated to public benefit.
    The nonprofit organization relies on donations to fund its community programs.

Forms

  • nonprofit organizations

Commentary

Nonprofit organizations are often subject to specific tax laws and regulations defining their formation, operation, and reporting requirements.


Nonprofit Regulation

/ˌnɑnˈprɒfɪt ˌrɛgjʊˈleɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The body of laws and governmental rules governing the formation, operation, taxation, and dissolution of nonprofit organizations.
    Nonprofit regulation ensures these organizations comply with legal standards to maintain tax-exempt status.

Forms

  • nonprofit regulation

Commentary

Nonprofit regulation often intersects with tax law and corporate governance, requiring careful drafting to address reporting and operational compliance.


Nonproliferation

/ˌnɒn.prə.lɪ.fəˈreɪ.ʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The act or policy of preventing the spread and increase of nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction.
    The treaty was established to promote nuclear nonproliferation worldwide.

Forms

  • nonproliferation

Commentary

Typically used in international law and policy contexts, nonproliferation requires precise drafting to define prohibited activities and mechanisms for enforcement.


Nonproliferation Treaty

/ˌnɒn.prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən ˈtriːti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy.
    The Nonproliferation Treaty is a cornerstone of global nuclear arms control efforts.

Forms

  • nonproliferation treaty
  • nonproliferation treaties

Commentary

Often abbreviated as NPT; essential to specify it addresses nuclear weapons distinct from other arms control agreements.


Nonpublic Information

/ˌnɑnˈpʌblɪk ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) Information that has not been disclosed to the general public and is typically protected by confidentiality, especially in legal, financial, or regulatory contexts.
    Insiders are prohibited from trading based on nonpublic information.

Forms

  • nonpublic information

Commentary

Nonpublic information is often a key element in securities law and privacy regulations; clear definitions help avoid ambiguity in compliance and enforcement.


Nonrecourse Financing

/ˌnɒnˈriːkərs ˈfaɪnænsɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A type of loan where the lender's recovery is limited to the collateral securing the loan, with no further recourse to the borrower's other assets.
    The developer secured nonrecourse financing, so the lender could only claim the property if the loan defaulted.

Forms

  • nonrecourse financing
  • nonrecourse financings

Commentary

Nonrecourse financing limits lender liability strictly to the collateral, commonly used in real estate and project finance to manage risk exposure.


Nonresident

/ˌnɑnˈrɛzɪdənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A person who does not reside in a particular jurisdiction but who may have legal obligations or rights there.
    The nonresident was required to file a tax return in the state where she earned income.
  2. (adj.) Relating to a person who does not live in a specific jurisdiction for legal or tax purposes.
    Nonresident aliens are subject to different tax rules than residents.

Forms

  • nonresidents

Commentary

Use 'nonresident' to distinguish legal status based on domicile or physical presence; often appears in tax and jurisdictional contexts.


Nonrevocable

/nɒnˈrɛvəˌkəbl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Not capable of being revoked, withdrawn, or annulled.
    The parties entered into a nonrevocable agreement that could not be terminated unilaterally.

Commentary

Use 'nonrevocable' to emphasize the inability to void or revoke a legal instrument, though 'irrevocable' is more common in practice.


Nonviolence

/ˌnɒnˈvaɪələns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The practice or principle of refraining from the use of physical force or violence to resolve disputes, often employed as a legal and ethical strategy.
    The civil rights movement advocated nonviolence as a means to achieve social change.

Forms

  • nonviolence

Commentary

Nonviolence is often invoked in legal contexts involving protest rights and civil liberties, emphasizing methods that avoid physical harm or coercion.


Nonviolent Protest

/ˌnɒnˈvaɪələnt ˈproʊtɛst/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A form of demonstration or dissent characterized by the absence of physical violence, used to express opposition or advocate for change.
    The citizens organized a nonviolent protest to demand policy reforms.

Forms

  • nonviolent protests

Commentary

Nonviolent protests are legally significant as protected expressive conduct under many constitutional frameworks, but may be subject to regulation based on time, place, and manner restrictions.


Nonviolent Resistance

/ˌnɒnˈvaɪələnt rɪˈzɪstəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A method of opposing or challenging authority through peaceful means, without physical violence, often used in civil rights and political contexts.
    The civil rights movement is famous for its use of nonviolent resistance to achieve social change.

Forms

  • nonviolent resistance
  • nonviolent resistances

Commentary

Nonviolent resistance is distinct from violent protest and is often legally protected under rights to free expression and assembly.


Nonwaiver Clause

/ˌnɒnˈweɪvər klɔːz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contractual provision stipulating that a party's failure to enforce a right or term does not constitute a waiver of that right or term in the future.
    The nonwaiver clause ensured that the landlord could enforce the lease terms even after previously overlooking minor breaches.

Forms

  • nonwaiver clauses

Commentary

Nonwaiver clauses are important to prevent unintended forfeitures of rights by negligence or selective enforcement, commonly used in commercial and leasing agreements.


Nordic Countries

/ˈnɔːrdɪk ˈkʌntriz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A group of countries in Northern Europe—Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden—recognized in international law and treaties for their regional cooperation and distinct legal traditions.
    The Nordic countries have harmonized certain aspects of their labor laws through intergovernmental agreements.

Commentary

The term 'Nordic countries' is often used in legal contexts involving regional agreements, human rights policies, and cross-border cooperation distinct from the European Union framework.


Nordic Law

/ˈnɔːrdɪk lɔː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The body of legal systems and principles derived from the Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.
    The Nordic law emphasizes social welfare and consensus-based dispute resolution.

Forms

  • nordic laws

Commentary

Nordic law is often studied comparatively to highlight its unique blend of civil law traditions and social democratic values.


Norm

/nɔrm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A standard, rule, or principle established by authority or general consent in law or social practice.
    The court upheld the norm that all contracts must be in writing to be enforceable.
  2. (n.) A customary or typical pattern of behavior recognized by a community or legal system.
    The norms of international law guide state conduct during conflicts.

Forms

  • norms

Commentary

In legal usage, 'norm' often implies a standard that has binding authority, whether derived from legislation, judicial decisions, or social customs influencing legal interpretation.


Norm Representation

/ˈnɔrm ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal expression or depiction of a legal norm, rule, or standard within legal texts or systems.
    The norm representation in the contract specifies each party's obligations clearly.
  2. (n.) A computational or logical modeling of legal norms used in legal informatics and automated reasoning.
    Researchers developed a norm representation to automate compliance checking in regulatory systems.

Forms

  • norm representation
  • norm representations

Commentary

In legal drafting and scholarship, 'norm representation' can refer both to textual formulations of norms and to their formalized models in computational law; clarify context when using.


Normal Procedure

/ˈnɔːrməl prəˈsiːdʒər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legally established or customary method of conducting proceedings or administering justice that follows standard rules or protocols.
    The case was handled according to normal procedure before the court.
  2. (n.) A default procedural path in litigation or administrative processes in the absence of special or expedited measures.
    The dispute resolution followed the normal procedure without any fast-tracking requests.

Commentary

Typically used to distinguish routine practice from special, emergency, or exceptional procedural variations; clarity in drafting should specify if deviations apply.


Normative

/ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Constituting, relating to, or prescribing a norm or standard, especially in legal contexts.
    Normative principles guide the interpretation of statutes.
  2. (adj.) Expressing value judgments about what is right or wrong, as opposed to describing what is.
    The normative approach in law theorizes how laws ought to function.

Commentary

In legal usage, 'normative' contrasts with 'descriptive'; it often underpins arguments about how laws should operate rather than merely describing how they do.


Normative Constraints

/ˈnɔːrmətɪv kənˈstreɪnts/

Definitions

  1. (n. pl.) Rules or standards that limit or guide legal and ethical behavior within a legal system or regulatory framework.
    Normative constraints ensure that laws align with societal values and principles.
  2. (n. pl.) Legal or institutional requirements that prescribe permissible conduct and restrict certain actions to maintain order and justice.
    The normative constraints imposed by the constitution prevent arbitrary government actions.

Forms

  • normative constraints
  • normative constraint

Commentary

Often discussed in legal theory to distinguish descriptive facts from prescriptive rules; important in drafting to clarify whether constraints arise from law, policy, or ethics.


Normative Document

/ˈnɔːrmətɪv ˈdɒkjʊmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal or regulatory text that prescribes rules, standards, or guidelines to govern behavior within a specific context.
    The company must comply with the applicable normative documents to ensure product safety.
  2. (n.) An official text issued by a recognized authority establishing norms or standards, such as laws, regulations, or codes of practice.
    The environmental normative documents set limits on emissions for factories.

Forms

  • normative document
  • normative documents

Commentary

Normative documents often form the basis for legal compliance and enforcement; their precise scope and authority vary by jurisdiction and issuing body.


Normativity

/ˌnɔːrməˈtɪvɪti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The quality or state of establishing, relating to, or deriving from norms, especially legal norms and rules that impose obligations and guide behavior.
    Normativity in law ensures that legal rules are not merely descriptive but prescriptive, guiding conduct.
  2. (n.) The characteristic of legal statements or institutions that makes them binding or authoritative.
    The normativity of a statute compels compliance through the threat of sanctions.

Commentary

Normativity in legal contexts underscores the binding force of rules, distinguishing them from mere statements of fact; drafters should note this prescriptive dimension when discussing legal principles.


North American Industry Classification System

/ˈnɔrθ əˈmɛrɪkən ˈɪndəstri ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ˈsɪstəm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A standardized system used by federal statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing economic data.
    The court referred to the North American Industry Classification System to determine the industry sector relevant to the contract dispute.

Forms

  • north american industry classification system

Commentary

The NAICS is often cited in legal contexts involving regulatory compliance and economic analysis; precise classification can affect jurisdiction and statutory applicability.


North Atlantic Treaty

/ˈnɔrθ ætˈlæntɪk ˈtrit̬i/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A multilateral treaty signed in 1949 establishing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a collective defense alliance among member states in North America and Europe.
    The North Atlantic Treaty committed its signatories to mutual defense in response to an armed attack against any one of them.

Forms

  • north atlantic treaty

Commentary

Commonly cited in international law and security contexts; precise reference to the treaty text is advised when drafting.


North Atlantic Treaty Organization

/ˈnɔːrθ ˈæt.læntɪk ˈtriː.ti ˌɔːrɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An intergovernmental military alliance established by the 1949 North Atlantic Treaty for collective defense against aggression.
    The North Atlantic Treaty Organization coordinates military strategy among member states.

Forms

  • north atlantic treaty organization

Commentary

Typically referred to by its acronym NATO in legal texts; important in international law contexts concerning defense obligations and treaty interpretation.


Noscitur a Sociis

/ˈnɒs.kɪ.tʊər ə ˈsoʊ.si.ɪs/

Definitions

  1. (phr.) A legal doctrine meaning 'a word is known by the company it keeps,' used to interpret ambiguous words or phrases by considering surrounding words.
    The court applied noscitur a sociis to construe the ambiguous term in the statute by examining related words.

Forms

  • noscitur a sociis

Commentary

Use noscitur a sociis when statutory or contractual language is ambiguous and surrounding words clarify meaning.


Nostro Account

/ˈnɒstroʊ əˌkaʊnt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A bank account held by a domestic bank in a foreign bank, denominated in the foreign bank's currency, used to facilitate international transactions.
    The bank maintained a nostro account in London to manage its client’s GBP transactions.

Forms

  • nostro account
  • nostro accounts

Commentary

Nostro accounts arise in international banking law and finance, essential for cross-border payment settlements and currency exchange compliance.


Not Guilty

/ˌnɒt ˈɡɪl.ti/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) A formal verdict by a court signifying that the accused is found to have no legal guilt for the crime charged.
    The jury returned a not guilty verdict after deliberation.
  2. (phrase) A plea entered by a defendant denying the charges and asserting innocence.
    The defendant pleaded not guilty at the arraignment.

Commentary

Use 'not guilty' strictly to denote either a plea denying criminal charges or a verdict acquitting the defendant, distinguishing it from 'innocent,' which is a factual finding rather than a legal determination.


Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity

/ˈnɒt ˈɡɪlti baɪ ˈriːzən ʌv ɪnˈsænɪti/

Definitions

  1. (phrase) A legal defense asserting that a defendant was legally insane at the time of the crime, thereby lacking the mental capacity to be held criminally responsible.
    The defendant was found not guilty by reason of insanity because expert testimony proved he could not understand his actions.

Commentary

This defense focuses on the defendant's mental state at the time of the offense and is distinct from claims of incompetency to stand trial.


Not Guilty Plea

/nɒt ˈɡɪlti pliː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal declaration by a defendant denying the charges in a criminal proceeding, resulting in the continuation of the trial process.
    The defendant entered a not guilty plea during the arraignment.

Forms

  • not guilty pleas

Commentary

A not guilty plea is crucial in preserving the defendant's right to trial and shifting the burden of proof to the prosecution.


Not Guilty Verdict

/ˈnɑːt ˈɡɪlti ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal judgment by a jury or judge that a defendant is not legally responsible for the crime charged because the evidence is insufficient to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
    The jury returned a not guilty verdict after deliberating for only two hours.

Forms

  • not guilty verdicts

Commentary

The term indicates the outcome of a criminal trial favoring the defendant, distinct from acquittal which can include judicial rulings; drafting should clarify if it refers strictly to jury findings.


Notable

/ˈnoʊ.tə.bəl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Worthy of attention or remarkable within a legal context, such as a notable precedent or fact.
    The court cited a notable case that influenced its ruling.

Commentary

Often used to highlight significant authorities or facts in legal arguments.


Notably

/ˈnoʊtəbli/

Definitions

  1. (adv.) In a way that is worthy of attention or notice, especially in legal contexts where a fact or point is emphasized.
    The contract contained several clauses, notably the arbitration agreement.

Commentary

Used to draw attention to significant facts or provisions in legal documents or arguments.


Notarial

/nəʊˈteərɪəl/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Relating to a notary or the functions of a notary public.
    She obtained a notarial certificate to authenticate the document.
  2. (adj.) Having the legal attributes or authority of a notary public, such as certifying signatures or administering oaths.
    The notarial act must comply with statutory requirements to be valid.

Commentary

Use 'notarial' primarily as an adjective describing acts, documents, or authority connected to notaries. It often precedes nouns like 'act', 'certificate', or 'deed' to denote formal verification or authentication.


Notarial Act

/ˌnoʊtɛˈriəl ækt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written record executed or certified by a notary public that verifies acts, facts, or transactions as required by law.
    The notarial act confirmed the authenticity of the signatures on the contract.

Forms

  • notarial acts

Commentary

Notarial acts must comply with statutory requirements to ensure evidentiary value and are distinct from mere notarizations of documents.


Notarial Certificate

/ˌnoʊtæriəl sərˈtɪfɪkət/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written statement completed and signed by a notary public attesting to the authenticity of a document or the validity of a signature.
    The notarial certificate confirmed that the signature on the contract was genuine.

Forms

  • notarial certificates

Commentary

Notarial certificates are critical for evidencing the formal acts of a notary, and the precise wording often varies by jurisdiction and document purpose.


Notarial Seal

/ˌnoʊ.təˈrɪ.əl siːl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An official embossed or stamped mark used by a notary public to authenticate documents.
    The notarial seal on the contract confirmed its notarization.

Commentary

A notarial seal often includes the name, jurisdiction, and commission expiration of the notary public; some jurisdictions regulate its exact form.


Notarisation

/ˌnoʊtəraɪˈzeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The official act of certifying a document's authenticity by a notary public.
    The notarisation of the contract ensured its acceptance in court.

Commentary

Notarisation is a formal legal process that involves a notary public verifying the authenticity of signatures or documents, lending evidentiary weight in legal contexts.


Notarization

/ˌnoʊtəraɪˈzeɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The official act of a notary public certifying a signature, document, or transaction to deter fraud and ensure authenticity.
    The notarization of the contract confirmed the parties' agreement was legitimate.
  2. (n.) The process by which a document is formally attested by a notary.
    Notarization is often required for legal documents used in court proceedings.

Commentary

Notarization is a procedural safeguard in legal transactions; its effectiveness depends on the notary's adherence to state-specific rules.


Notarize

/ˈnoʊtəˌraɪz/

Definitions

  1. (v.) To certify a document’s authenticity by a notary public, attesting signatures and preventing fraud.
    The lawyer asked the client to notarize the contract before submission.

Forms

  • notarizes
  • notarized
  • notarizing

Commentary

Use 'notarize' specifically for the act performed by a notary public certifying documents; distinguish from mere signing.


Notary

/ˈnoʊ.tɛr.i/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A public officer authorized to authenticate documents, administer oaths, and perform other official acts as permitted by law.
    The notary verified the identities of the signatories before notarizing the contract.

Forms

  • notaries

Commentary

The role and authority of a notary vary by jurisdiction but generally focus on preventing fraud through document authentication.


Notary Public

/ˈnoʊtəri ˈpʌblɪk/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A public official authorized to authenticate signatures, administer oaths, and certify documents to prevent fraud.
    The notary public verified the identity of the signer before notarizing the deed.

Forms

  • notaries public

Commentary

Notaries public play a critical role in authenticating documents and deterring fraud by confirming signers' identities and willingness.


Notary Seal

/ˈnoʊtəri sil/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An embossed or printed emblem used by a notary public to authenticate documents.
    The contract was validated with the notary seal confirming its legitimacy.

Forms

  • notary seal
  • notary seals

Commentary

The notary seal must conform to jurisdictional requirements, often including the notary's name, jurisdiction, and commission expiration date.


Notation

/ˌnoʊtəˈteɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A system or method of written symbols used to record and communicate legal concepts or arguments.
    The attorney used legal notation to draft a clear and precise contract.
  2. (n.) The act of formally recording or annotating legal documents or proceedings.
    The judge's notation in the margin clarified the ruling's scope.

Forms

  • notations

Commentary

Notation in legal contexts often refers both to sets of symbols or codes used in drafting and to marginal or formal notes added to documents; precision in use helps avoid ambiguity.


Note

/ˈnoʊt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written promise to pay a specified sum of money to a designated person or bearer, often used as a negotiable instrument.
    She signed a promissory note to secure the loan.
  2. (n.) A brief memorandum or record made to assist the memory or provide information.
    The lawyer took notes during the deposition.

Forms

  • notes

Commentary

In legal contexts, "note" primarily refers to a negotiable instrument evidencing a debt; distinguish this from a general memorandum or record.


Note Payable

/ˈnoʊt ˈpeɪəbl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written, signed promise to pay a specified sum of money at a future date or on demand.
    The company issued a note payable to secure a loan from the bank.

Forms

  • note payable
  • notes payable

Commentary

A note payable is distinct from a promissory note in that it specifically refers to the liability side—an obligation owed—often reflected in accounting and legal documents.


Note Receivable

/ˈnoʊt rɪˈsiːvəbəl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written promise for the payment of a specific sum of money, usually including interest, due by a debtor to a creditor on demand or at a set time.
    The company recorded a note receivable from its client due in 90 days.

Forms

  • note receivable
  • notes receivable

Commentary

Notes receivable are formalized debt instruments distinguished from accounts receivable by their written promise and potential for interest; ensure clarity in distinguishing these in contracts and financial statements.


Notice

/ˈnoʊtɪs/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal communication or announcement informing a party of legal rights, claims, or obligations.
    The tenant received a notice to vacate the premises within thirty days.
  2. (n.) Evidence of having been informed of something significant, such as a lawsuit or hearing.
    Proper notice must be given before the court can proceed.
  3. (v.) To observe or become aware of something, often triggering a legal consequence.
    The plaintiff noticed the defendant's breach of contract immediately.

Forms

  • notices
  • noticed
  • noticing

Commentary

In legal drafting, specifying the manner and timing of notice is crucial to uphold procedural fairness and avoid challenges to jurisdiction or due process.


Notice Address

Definitions

  1. (n.) An address designated in a legal document for receiving official communications and notices pertaining to a party.
    The plaintiff must provide a valid notice address to ensure timely receipt of court documents.

Forms

  • notice address
  • notice addresses

Commentary

Notice addresses must be clearly specified in contracts or legal filings to avoid disputes related to the delivery of important notifications.


Notice and Comment

/ˈnoʊ.tɪs ænd ˈkɒm.ɛnt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A procedural requirement under U.S. administrative law wherein agencies publish proposed rules for public feedback before finalizing them.
    The agency followed the notice and comment process before implementing the new regulation.

Forms

  • notice and comment

Commentary

Notice and comment is essential for transparency and public involvement in rulemaking, ensuring agencies consider diverse views before enacting regulations.


Notice and Hearing

/ˈnoʊtɪs ænd ˈhɪərɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A procedural guarantee requiring a party to be informed of legal action against them (notice) and an opportunity to present their case (hearing) before a decision is made.
    The court granted the plaintiff a notice and hearing before issuing the injunction.

Forms

  • notice and hearing
  • notice and hearings

Commentary

Notice and hearing are fundamental components of procedural due process, ensuring fairness by giving affected parties information and a chance to be heard before governmental action.


Notice Date

/ˈnoʊtɪs deɪt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The specific day on which a formal legal notification is given or deemed effective.
    The parties agreed that the notice date for contract termination was May 1st.

Forms

  • notice date
  • notice dates

Commentary

The notice date is critical in calculating deadlines and compliance periods; accuracy in documenting this date can affect legal rights and obligations.


Notice of Absence

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈæbsəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal declaration notifying an employer, educational institution, or other relevant party of an individual's planned or actual absence.
    The employee submitted a notice of absence to inform management of her absence due to illness.

Forms

  • notice of absence
  • notices of absence

Commentary

A notice of absence typically must be given within prescribed timeframes and formats to ensure compliance with organizational or legal policies.


Notice of Appeal

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv əˈpiːl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written document filed by a party to a case indicating their intention to seek appellate review of a lower court's decision.
    The appellant submitted a notice of appeal within the statutory deadline to challenge the trial court's ruling.

Forms

  • notice of appeal

Commentary

A notice of appeal must comply with strict procedural requirements and filing deadlines; its timely and proper submission is essential to confer jurisdiction on the appellate court.


Notice of Appearance

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv əˈpɪərəns/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal document filed by a party in a legal proceeding to notify the court and other parties of the party’s official representation by an attorney.
    The attorney filed a notice of appearance to participate in the lawsuit on behalf of the defendant.

Forms

  • notices of appearance

Commentary

A notice of appearance is typically required early in litigation to establish who is authorized to act on behalf of a party; it differs from a moot appearance or informal contact with the court.


Notice of Breach

/ˈnoʊ.tɪs əv britʃ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written or oral statement indicating that a party has failed to perform an obligation under a contract or agreement.
    The landlord issued a notice of breach to the tenant for failing to pay rent on time.

Forms

  • notice of breach
  • notices of breach

Commentary

A notice of breach commonly initiates the process for remedies or cure periods under contractual agreements.


Notice of Claim

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv kleɪm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written notification submitted to a party or public entity indicating an intent to bring a legal claim, often a prerequisite in tort or contract disputes.
    The plaintiff filed a notice of claim before initiating the lawsuit.

Forms

  • notice of claim
  • notices of claim

Commentary

Typically required by statute as a prerequisite to suit, a notice of claim serves to alert the opposing party and provide an opportunity to resolve the matter outside court.


Notice of Default

/ˈnoʊ.tɪs ʌv dɪˈfɔlt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written notification issued to a borrower indicating they have breached the terms of a loan agreement, typically due to missed payments, and that the lender may initiate foreclosure or other legal remedies.
    The bank sent a notice of default after the borrower missed three consecutive mortgage payments.

Forms

  • notice of default
  • notice of defaults

Commentary

A notice of default serves as a critical preliminary step in enforcing remedies for breach of loan terms; precise issuance procedures and timing are often governed by statute or contract.


Notice of Deficiency

/ˈnoʊtɪs ʌv dɪˈfɪʃənsi/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written communication from a tax authority to a taxpayer stating a proposed tax deficiency and inviting response or payment before further enforcement.
    The IRS issued a notice of deficiency to the taxpayer after an audit revealed unreported income.

Forms

  • notice of deficiency

Commentary

Typically used in U.S. federal tax contexts; a crucial procedural document that triggers the taxpayer's right to petition the tax court.


Notice of Delivery

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv dɪˈlɪvəri/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal communication confirming that a document, goods, or legal materials have been delivered to the intended recipient.
    The plaintiff served a notice of delivery to confirm the defendant received the summons.

Forms

  • notice of delivery
  • notices of delivery

Commentary

Notice of delivery is often critical in demonstrating compliance with procedural rules requiring proof that a party was properly informed or served.


Notice of Entry

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈɛntri/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal document filed with the court indicating that a court order or judgment has been entered and served to parties.
    The plaintiff filed a notice of entry to confirm the judgment was officially recorded.

Forms

  • notice of entry

Commentary

Typically issued by the prevailing party to inform all involved that a judgment or order has been entered, triggering deadlines for appeals or other post-judgment actions.


Notice of Hearing

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈhɪərɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written communication informing parties of the time, place, and purpose of a legal hearing.
    The court issued a notice of hearing to all involved parties two weeks before the trial.

Forms

  • notice of hearing
  • notices of hearing

Commentary

A notice of hearing serves to ensure due process by properly informing affected parties, so it must state clear and accurate details about the hearing schedule and purpose.



Notice of Mailing

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈmeɪlɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A written statement confirming the sending of documents by mail within legal procedures.
    The plaintiff submitted a notice of mailing to prove that the summons was sent.

Forms

  • notice of mailing

Commentary

A notice of mailing serves as evidence to satisfy procedural requirements for timely service by mail; precise dating is crucial.


Notice of Meeting

/ˈnoʊ.tɪs əv ˈmiː.tɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written or electronic communication informing members or stakeholders about the time, place, and agenda of a forthcoming meeting.
    The secretary sent out the notice of meeting two weeks in advance to ensure all directors could attend.
  2. (n.) A legally required announcement giving shareholders or members official information about an upcoming corporate or organizational meeting.
    Failure to provide a proper notice of meeting may invalidate the decisions taken during the assembly.

Forms

  • notice of meeting
  • notices of meeting

Commentary

The notice of meeting must often comply with specific statutory timing and content requirements to be valid; drafters should clearly state all material details such as date, time, venue, and purpose.


Notice of Non-Renewal

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv nɒn-rɪˈnuːəl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written statement by one party to a contract indicating the intent not to renew or extend the agreement upon its expiration.
    The tenant received a notice of non-renewal from the landlord 30 days before the lease ended.

Forms

  • notice of non-renewal

Commentary

Typically serves to provide legal clarity and preserve rights by formally signaling that the contractual relationship will end without extension.


Notice of Payment

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˈpeɪmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal communication notifying a party of an amount owed or payment due under a contract or legal obligation.
    The landlord sent a notice of payment demanding the overdue rent.

Forms

  • notice of payment

Commentary

A notice of payment typically serves to inform a debtor of an outstanding obligation and initiates formal recognition of a payment demand; care should be taken to distinguish it from a mere invoice, as it may have legal implications in contract enforcement.


Notice of Proposed Rulemaking

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv prəˈpoʊzd ˈruːlmæɪkɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal announcement by a government agency indicating its intention to issue a new regulation or amend an existing one, inviting public comment before finalization.
    The agency published a notice of proposed rulemaking to solicit feedback from stakeholders.

Forms

  • notice of proposed rulemaking

Commentary

Commonly abbreviated as NPRM, this notice is a critical step in administrative law ensuring transparency and public participation.


Notice of Resignation

/ˈnoʊtɪs ʌv ˌrɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written or verbal declaration by an employee indicating their intention to leave their employment.
    She submitted a notice of resignation two weeks before her last working day.

Commentary

Typically required to comply with employment contracts and labor laws; should specify effective date of resignation for clarity.


Notice of Rulemaking

/ˈnoʊ.tɪs əv ˈruːlˌmeɪ.kɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal announcement published by a government agency indicating the intent to create, amend, or repeal a rule or regulation, inviting public comment.
    The agency issued a notice of rulemaking to solicit feedback on the proposed environmental regulations.

Forms

  • notice of rulemaking

Commentary

The notice of rulemaking is a critical step in the administrative rulemaking process, ensuring transparency and public participation.


Notice of Termination

/ˈnoʊtɪs əv ˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written communication by which a party declares the ending of a contract, lease, or employment relationship, often triggering legal or contractual consequences.
    The landlord sent a notice of termination to end the tenant's lease.
  2. (n.) A procedural document in litigation or arbitration informing a party of the termination or conclusion of a proceeding or agreement.
    The arbitration panel issued a notice of termination after the settlement was reached.

Forms

  • notice of termination

Commentary

Typically drafted with clear reference to timing and conditions to avoid disputes about validity and enforceability.


Notice Period

/ˈnoʊtɪs ˈpɪəriəd/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The mandatory length of time an employee or employer must give before ending employment or a contractual relationship.
    The employment contract requires a two-week notice period before resignation.
  2. (n.) A legally required timeframe for notifying parties about changes, cancellations, or enforcement of rights under a contract or statute.
    The landlord must provide a 30-day notice period before terminating the lease.

Forms

  • notice periods

Commentary

Notice periods vary by jurisdiction and contract type; precise duration and conditions should be clearly drafted to avoid disputes.


Notice Requirement

/ˈnoʊtɪs rɪˈkwaɪərmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal obligation to provide formal notification to a party regarding rights, duties, or claims within a specified timeframe.
    The contract included a notice requirement to inform the other party of any breaches within 30 days.
  2. (n.) A procedural rule mandating that a party receive advance warning before a legal action affecting their interests is taken.
    Due process mandates a notice requirement before eviction proceedings begin.

Forms

  • notice requirement
  • notice requirements

Commentary

Notice requirements often vary by jurisdiction and context; precise drafting is essential to ensure enforceability and fairness in legal proceedings.


Notice Statute

/ˈnoʊtɪs ˈstætʃuːt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A statute governing the transfer of property, which protects a bona fide purchaser who acquires an interest without notice of any prior conflicting claims or defects in title.
    Under the notice statute, the purchaser who buys without knowledge of earlier claims holds superior title.

Forms

  • notice statute
  • notice statutes

Commentary

Notice statutes emphasize the purchaser's knowledge, making the timing of notice crucial in resolving competing claims.


Notice to Cure

/ˈnoʊtɪs tuː kjʊr/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written communication notifying a party of a breach and requiring the breach to be remedied within a specified time frame.
    The landlord sent a notice to cure the tenant's violation of the lease terms within 10 days.

Forms

  • notice to cure

Commentary

A notice to cure is commonly used in contracts and leases to give the breaching party an opportunity to fix the issue before further legal action.


Notice to Pay

/ˈnoʊtɪs tə peɪ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written demand requiring payment of a debt or financial obligation within a specified time.
    The landlord sent a notice to pay rent before initiating eviction proceedings.

Forms

  • notice to pay

Commentary

A notice to pay is often a precursor to legal enforcement actions such as eviction or debt collection; clarity on deadlines and amounts owed is crucial.


Notice to Perform

/ˈnoʊtɪs tu pərˈfɔrm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written communication requiring a party to fulfill contractual obligations within a specified time.
    The landlord issued a notice to perform to the tenant for failing to pay rent on time.

Forms

  • notice to perform

Commentary

Often used in contracts as a prerequisite step before termination or legal action; should specify clear deadline and consequences for failure to perform.


Notice to Quit

/ˈnoʊtɪs tə kwɪt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal written notification by a landlord to a tenant to vacate leased premises, typically due to breach or expiration of the lease.
    The landlord served a notice to quit after the tenant failed to pay rent for two months.

Forms

  • notice to quit
  • notices to quit

Commentary

A notice to quit is a prerequisite step before initiating legal eviction proceedings; it must comply with statutory timing and content requirements to be effective.


Notice-And-Comment Rulemaking

/ˈnoʊtɪs ænd ˈkɒment ˈruːlˌmeɪkɪŋ/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A formal administrative procedure required by the Administrative Procedure Act whereby an agency publishes a proposed rule, solicits public comments, and considers those comments before issuing a final rule.
    The Environmental Protection Agency followed notice-and-comment rulemaking before finalizing the new emissions standards.

Commentary

Notice-and-comment rulemaking is the most common method for agencies to promulgate rules and is designed to ensure transparency and public participation.


Notice-And-Takedown

/ˈnoʊtɪs ænd ˈteɪkˌdaʊn/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal process whereby an alleged infringing online content is removed after a rights holder issues a formal notification to the hosting service provider.
    The platform implemented a notice-and-takedown system to comply with copyright laws.

Forms

  • notice-and-takedown
  • notice-and-takedowns

Commentary

Notice-and-takedown mechanisms are central to balancing copyright enforcement online with protections for service providers under safe harbor provisions.


Noticeability

/ˌnoʊtɪsəˈbɪləti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The quality or state of being sufficiently clear or conspicuous to attract legal attention or awareness.
    The noticeability of the warning sign was crucial in the court's finding of liability.

Commentary

Noticeability relates to whether a legal notice or sign is clear enough to be recognized by an average person, often impacting validity or enforceability.


Notifiable Disease

/ˈnəʊ.tɪ.fɪ.ə.bəl dɪˈziːz/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A disease that, by law, must be reported to government authorities upon diagnosis to enable public health interventions.
    Tuberculosis is classified as a notifiable disease to ensure timely containment measures.

Forms

  • notifiable disease
  • notifiable diseases

Commentary

Legal definitions of notifiable diseases vary by jurisdiction but generally require healthcare providers to inform authorities promptly; clarity in listing such diseases is essential for effective disease surveillance and compliance.


Notification

/ˌnoʊ.tɪ.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The formal act of informing a party of a legal proceeding, requirement, or decision.
    The court issued a notification to all involved parties regarding the hearing date.
  2. (n.) A written or electronic communication that alerts a party about a legal event or obligation.
    The tenant received a notification about the lease renewal deadline.

Forms

  • notifications

Commentary

In legal drafting, specifying the method and timing of notification is critical to ensure enforceability and fairness.


Notification Duty

/ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən ˈdjuːti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A legal obligation requiring a party to inform another party of specific facts, decisions, or acts within a prescribed timeframe.
    The contract included a notification duty to alert the buyer of any delays in delivery.
  2. (n.) A statutory obligation imposed on entities or officials to provide formal notice to individuals of rights, charges, or legal actions affecting them.
    The agency's notification duty ensures that affected persons are informed of regulatory changes.

Forms

  • notification duty
  • notification duties

Commentary

Notification duties often have strict procedural requirements; precise timing and content of the notice are crucial to compliance.


Notification Statute

/ˌnoʊ.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən ˈstæt.juːt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A statute that prescribes the required procedures and timelines for giving legal notice to parties in various contexts, such as contract termination, claims, or rights enforcement.
    The notification statute required the landlord to inform the tenant 30 days before eviction.

Forms

  • notification statute
  • notification statutes

Commentary

Notification statutes vary by jurisdiction and context; drafters should specify exact notice requirements to ensure compliance and avoid disputes.


Notified Body

/ˈnəʊtɪfaɪd ˈbɒdi/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An organization designated by an EU member state to assess conformity of certain products before market placement under relevant directives or regulations.
    The medical device was certified by a notified body to ensure compliance with EU safety standards.

Forms

  • notified body
  • notified bodies

Commentary

Typically used within the EU regulatory framework, particularly for products subject to CE marking; key in ensuring products meet legal and safety requirements prior to sale.


Notify

/ˈnoʊ.tɪ.faɪ/

Definitions

  1. (v.) To formally inform a party of relevant facts, events, or legal proceedings in a timely and effective manner, as required by law or contract.
    The landlord must notify the tenant of rent increases at least 30 days in advance.

Forms

  • notifies
  • notified
  • notifying

Commentary

In legal contexts, 'notify' implies a formal and verifiable act of communication often mandated by statute or agreement to ensure procedural fairness.


Notional Principal

/ˈnoʊʃənəl ˈprɪnsəpəl/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A hypothetical amount used as a reference in financial contracts to calculate payments, without the amount being actually exchanged.
    The interest payments were calculated based on the notional principal specified in the swap agreement.

Forms

  • notional principal
  • notional principals

Commentary

The notional principal serves solely as a calculation basis in derivatives and does not represent an actual loan or capital exchange.


Notoriety

/ˌnoʊ.t̬əˈraɪ.ɪ.ti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The state of being widely known, often for unfavorable reasons; in law, it can affect reputations and influence defamation claims.
    The defendant's notoriety complicated the jury's impartiality.

Commentary

Notoriety often carries a negative connotation, which can impact legal assessments of reputation and harm in defamation cases.


Notorious

/nəˈtɔːriəs/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Widely and unfavorably known for a particular quality or act, especially in legal contexts involving reputation or precedents.
    The defendant became notorious for repeatedly violating court orders.

Commentary

Used primarily to describe persons or entities negatively recognized in legal contexts; careful drafting helps distinguish notoriety from formal findings of guilt or illegality.


Notwithstand

/ˌnɒtwɪθˈstænd/

Definitions

  1. (v.) To act despite, or in spite of, a particular law, rule, or circumstance; to derogate from or set aside a provision by explicit statement.
    Notwithstanding the terms of the contract, the parties agreed to modify the delivery schedule.

Forms

  • notwithstanding

Commentary

Commonly used as a preposition or conjunction in legal texts; here, focused on its verbal use to override or qualify provisions explicitly.


Notwithstande

/ˌnɒtwɪðˈstænd/

Definitions

  1. (prep.) In spite of; notwithstanding is used to indicate that something occurs despite a stated condition or fact.
    Notwithstanding the contract, the landlord proceeded with eviction.

Forms

  • notwithstanding

Commentary

Commonly used to introduce a clause that limits, qualifies, or contradicts the main provision in legal documents.


Novation

/ˌnoʊ.veɪˈʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The legal act of replacing an existing contract or obligation with a new one, extinguishing the original agreement and substituting it with a new set of terms or parties.
    The parties agreed to a novation to transfer the contract rights to a third party.

Commentary

Novation requires the consent of all original and new parties and differs from assignment in that the original contract is extinguished rather than transferred.


Novation Agreement

/ˌnoʊ.veɪʃən əˈɡriːmənt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A contract through which an original party transfers its rights and obligations under an existing contract to a new party, replacing the former party's position.
    The company signed a novation agreement to transfer its contractual duties to a subsidiary.

Forms

  • novation agreements

Commentary

Novation agreements differ from assignments by requiring the consent of all original and new parties, effectively replacing one party in the contract rather than merely transferring benefits or duties.



Novelty

/ˈnɒvəlti/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A new or original feature, innovation, or condition, especially in intellectual property law where it is a requirement for patentability.
    The invention was rejected because it lacked novelty over prior art.
  2. (n.) A small gift or trinket given as a promotional or commemorative item, sometimes relevant in contract or commercial law.
    The company distributed novelties at the trade show to attract customers.

Commentary

In patent law, novelty is a critical threshold that requires an invention to be new and not previously disclosed; it is distinct from non-obviousness and utility requirements.

Glossary – NO Terms