UL glossary terms

Browse full definitions for every UL term in the Amicus glossary.

Ultimate

/ˈʌltɪmət/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Final and conclusive; not subject to further dispute or appeal.
    The court issued its ultimate decision on the matter.
  2. (adj.) Of the greatest or highest degree or importance in a legal context.
    The ultimate authority in the jurisdiction is the supreme court.

Commentary

“Ultimate” in legal usage often emphasizes conclusiveness or paramount importance, key when drafting to indicate finality or supreme authority.


Ultimate Beneficial Owner

/ˈʌltɪmət bɛnɪˈfɪʃəl ˈoʊnər/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The natural person who ultimately owns or controls a legal entity or arrangement, or on whose behalf a transaction is conducted.
    The bank conducted due diligence to identify the ultimate beneficial owner of the corporation.

Forms

  • ultimate beneficial owner
  • ultimate beneficial owners

Commentary

Identification of the ultimate beneficial owner is critical in regulatory and compliance contexts to prevent fraud and money laundering.


Ultimate Beneficiary

/ˈʌltɪmət bɛnɪˈfɪʃəri/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The individual or entity who ultimately receives benefits from a transaction, asset, or arrangement, often in fiduciary, trust, or financial contexts.
    The ultimate beneficiary of the trust was revealed in the final amendment.

Forms

  • ultimate beneficiary
  • ultimate beneficiaries

Commentary

Term is commonly used in trust and financial law to clarify who gains ultimate rights or benefits, distinct from intermediaries or nominal holders.


Ultimate Decision

/ˈʌltɪmət dɪˈsɪʒən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A final and conclusive determination made by a court or lawful authority that resolves the issues in dispute.
    The court's ultimate decision ended the lengthy litigation.
  2. (n.) The highest level of adjudication or ruling from which no further appeal exists.
    The ultimate decision of the supreme court is binding on all lower courts.

Forms

  • ultimate decisions

Commentary

The phrase "ultimate decision" emphasizes finality and conclusiveness in legal rulings; it is often used to distinguish from interlocutory or preliminary decisions.


Ultimate Decree

/ˈʌltɪmət dɪˈkriː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A final judgment or decree issued by a court, concluding all matters in a case with no further appeals available.
    The ultimate decree concluded the litigation, leaving the parties no further legal recourse.

Forms

  • ultimate decrees

Commentary

The term emphasizes conclusiveness; drafters should specify if it prohibits further appeals or modifications.


Ultimate Fact

/ˈʌltɪmət fækt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The final and conclusive fact determined by a court that forms the basis for its legal judgment.
    The jury found the ultimate fact that the defendant negligently caused the accident.

Forms

  • ultimate fact
  • ultimate facts

Commentary

Ultimate facts lie between evidentiary facts and legal conclusions; careful drafting distinguishes these to clarify judicial reasoning.


Ultimate Issue

/ˈʌltəmət ˈɪʃuː/

Definitions

  1. (n.) The key question or ultimate factual question a jury or judge must decide to resolve a case.
    The jury was instructed to determine the ultimate issue of whether the defendant acted with intent.
  2. (n.) In some jurisdictions, a question of law or fact whose resolution decides the outcome of a legal proceeding.
    The admissibility of the confession was the ultimate issue in the trial.

Forms

  • ultimate issue

Commentary

The term distinguishes the decisive factual or legal question, often reserved for the factfinder. Drafting jury instructions may involve clarifying what constitutes the ultimate issue to avoid confusion with subsidiary facts.


Ultimately

/ˈʌltɪmətli/

Definitions

  1. (adv.) In the end; finally as a conclusion or outcome in legal contexts.
    Ultimately, the court ruled in favor of the plaintiff after considering all evidence.

Commentary

Used to indicate the final or conclusive result after considering all factors, often appearing in judicial opinions and legal analyses.


Ultimatum

/ˌʌltɪˈmeɪtəm/

Definitions

  1. (n.) A final demand or statement of terms, the rejection of which may lead to legal consequences or hostile actions.
    The company issued an ultimatum requiring the contractor to comply within 10 days or face termination of the agreement.

Forms

  • ultimatums

Commentary

Ultimatums in legal contexts often function as precursors to formal actions, emphasizing the seriousness of the demand and potential consequences of non-compliance.


Ultra Vires

/ˌʌltrə ˈvaɪriz/

Definitions

  1. (adj.) Beyond the powers or authority granted by law or corporate charter.
    The court ruled the contract void because it was an ultra vires act.
  2. (n.) An act performed beyond the scope of legal power or authority.
    The transaction was challenged as an ultra vires.

Commentary

Often used to challenge acts exceeding granted powers, especially in corporate and administrative law contexts.


Ultra Vires Act

/ˈʌltrə ˈvaɪriz ækt/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An act performed beyond the scope of power or authority granted to a corporation, public authority, or individual, rendering the act void or unenforceable.
    The contract was declared void because it was an ultra vires act beyond the company's articles of incorporation.

Forms

  • ultra vires act
  • ultra vires acts

Commentary

Ultra vires acts are central in administrative and corporate law to limit entities to their legally granted powers. Clear definition of authority scope in founding documents or statutes helps avoid ultra vires issues.


Ultra Vires Action

/ˈʌltrə ˈvɪəriz ˈækʃən/

Definitions

  1. (n.) An act performed by a government body or corporation that exceeds the scope of its legally granted powers.
    The court declared the regulation an ultra vires action and therefore invalid.

Forms

  • ultra vires action
  • ultra vires actions

Commentary

Ultra vires actions are key in limiting governmental and corporate powers, ensuring entities act within their authorized bounds.

Glossary – UL Terms