Subject Matter Jurisdiction
/ˈsəbˌdʒɛkt ˈmætər ˌdʒʊrɪsˈdɪkʃən/
Definitions
- (n.) The authority of a court to hear and decide cases of the general class to which the proceeding in question belongs.
The court dismissed the case for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.
- (n.) A limitation defining the types of disputes a court can adjudicate, distinct from personal jurisdiction.
Subject matter jurisdiction must be established before the court can proceed with a trial.
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Commentary
Subject matter jurisdiction is foundational, as courts without it cannot lawfully decide a case; it differs from personal jurisdiction, which concerns authority over parties.
This glossary is for general informational and educational purposes only. Definitions are jurisdiction-agnostic but reflect terminology and concepts primarily drawn from English and American legal traditions. Nothing herein constitutes legal advice or creates a lawyer-client relationship. Users should consult qualified counsel for advice on specific matters or jurisdictions.